Armi nucleari, nuovo record spesa mondiale

L'ultimo Rapporto della campagna internazionale ICAN "Surge: 2023 Global nuclear weapons spending" mostra che nel 2023 sono stati spesi 10,7 miliardi di dollari in più per le armi nucleari rispetto al 2022

epa04867703 A combined picture of handout images made available by the US National Archives of mosaic views of Hiroshima, Japan on 13 April 1945 before (top) and on 11 August 1945 after (bottom) the atomic bomb was dropped on 06 August 1945. 06 August 2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the atomic bombing on Hiroshima. The US B-29 Superfortress bomber Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb codenamed 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima on 06 August 1945, killing tens of thousands of people in seconds. By the end of the year, 140,000 people had died from the effects of the bomb. On 09 August 1945 a second atomic bomb was exploded over Nagasaki, killing more than 73,000 people. The 'Little Boy' was the first ever nuclear bomb dropped on a city and a crucial turn that led to Japan's surrender in WWII. EPA/US NATIONAL ARCHIVES / HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY

epa04867701 A handout image made available by the US National Archives of US Major General Leslie R. Groves, in charge of the Manhattan Project at an unspecified location in 1942. 06 August 2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the atomic bombing on Hiroshima. The US B-29 Superfortress bomber Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb codenamed 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima on 06 August 1945, killing tens of thousands of people in seconds. By the end of the year, 140,000 people had died from the effects of the bomb. On 09 August 1945 a second atomic bomb was exploded over Nagasaki, killing more than 73,000 people. The 'Little Boy' was the first ever nuclear bomb dropped on a city and a crucial turn that led to Japan's surrender in WWII. EPA/US NATIONAL ARCHIVES / HANDOUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY

epa04867704 A handout image made available by the US National Archive of Colonel Paul W. Tibbets, Jr., Pilot of the Enola Gay, the Plane that Dropped the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, waving from his cockpit before the takeoff, on Tinian island, 06 August 1945. 06 August 2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the atomic bombing on Hiroshima. The US B-29 Superfortress bomber Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb codenamed 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima on 06 August 1945, killing tens of thousands of people in seconds. By the end of the year, 140,000 people had died from the effects of the bomb. On 09 August 1945 a second atomic bomb was exploded over Nagasaki, killing more than 73,000 people. The 'Little Boy' was the first ever nuclear bomb dropped on a city and a crucial turn that led to Japan's surrender in WWII. EPA/US NATIONAL ARCHIVE / HANDOUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY

epa04867702 A handout image made available by the US National Archives of smoke billowing 20,000 feet above Hiroshima while smoke from the burst of the first atomic bomb had spread over 10,000 feet on the target at the base of the rising column, in Hiroshima, Japan, 06 August 1945. 06 August 2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the atomic bombing on Hiroshima. The US B-29 Superfortress bomber Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb codenamed 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima on 06 August 1945, killing tens of thousands of people in seconds. By the end of the year, 140,000 people had died from the effects of the bomb. On 09 August 1945 a second atomic bomb was exploded over Nagasaki, killing more than 73,000 people. The 'Little Boy' was the first ever nuclear bomb dropped on a city and a crucial turn that led to Japan's surrender in WWII. EPA/US NATIONAL ARCHIVES / HANDOUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY

epa04867686 An undated handout image made available by the US National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) of survivors moving along the road after the atomic bombing of Nagasaki, Japan, in August 1945. 06 August 2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the atomic bombing on Hiroshima. The US B-29 Superfortress bomber Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb codenamed 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima on 06 August 1945, killing tens of thousands of people in seconds. By the end of the year, 140,000 people had died from the effects of the bomb. On 09 August 1945 a second atomic bomb was exploded over Nagasaki, killing more than 73,000 people. The 'Little Boy' was the first ever nuclear bomb dropped on a city and a crucial turn that led to Japan's surrender in WWII. EPA/US NATIONAL ARCHIVES / HANDOUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY

epa04867684 A handout image made available by the US National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) of US Vought F4U Corsair and Grumman F6F Hellcat aircrafts flting in formation over USS Missouri during surrender ceremonies near Tokyo, Japan, 02 September 1945. 06 August 2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the atomic bombing on Hiroshima. The US B-29 Superfortress bomber Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb codenamed 'Little Boy' on Hiroshima on 06 August 1945, killing tens of thousands of people in seconds. By the end of the year, 140,000 people had died from the effects of the bomb. On 09 August 1945 a second atomic bomb was exploded over Nagasaki, killing more than 73,000 people. The 'Little Boy' was the first ever nuclear bomb dropped on a city and a crucial turn that led to Japan's surrender in WWII. EPA/US NATIONAL ARCHIVES / HANDOUT HANDOUT EDITORIAL USE ONLY

“Surge” è la quinta edizione del rapporto di ICAN sulla spesa globale per le armi nucleari. Negli ultimi 5 anni sono stati spesi 387 miliardi di dollari per le armi nucleari, con un aumento della spesa registrata annualmente di un robusto 34% nello stesso periodo: da 68,2 miliardi di dollari a 91,4 miliardi di dollari all’anno. Ciò è avvenuto poiché tutti e nove gli Stati dotati di armi nucleari continuano a modernizzare, e in alcuni casi ad ampliare, i propri arsenali. Alicia Sanders-Zakre della International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapon, coautrice del rapporto, sottolinea come: “L’accelerazione della spesa per queste armi disumane e distruttive negli ultimi cinque anni non sta migliorando la sicurezza globale, ma rappresenta una minaccia globale“.

Nel 2023 Cina, Francia, India, Israele, Corea del Nord, Pakistan, Russia, Regno Unito e Stati Uniti hanno speso complessivamente 91,4 miliardi di dollari per i loro armamenti nucleari, il che equivale a 173.884 dollari al minuto, o 2.898 dollari al secondo. La quota di spesa totale degli Stati Uniti, 51,5 miliardi di dollari, è superiore a quella di tutti gli altri Paesi dotati di armi nucleari messi insieme e rappresenta l’80% dell’aumento della spesa per le armi nucleari nel 2023. A seguire, la Cina ha speso 11,8 miliardi di dollari, mentre la Russia è al terzo posto con 8,3 miliardi di dollari. La spesa del Regno Unito è aumentata significativamente per il secondo anno consecutivo, con un incremento del 17% a 8,1 miliardi di dollari.

A livello globale i Paesi dotati di armi nucleari hanno in corso contratti con aziende per la produzione di armi nucleari per un valore totale di almeno 387 miliardi di dollari. In alcuni casi tali contratti si protraggono fino al 2040. Nel 2023 le aziende coinvolte nella produzione di armi nucleari hanno potuto sottoscrivere nuovi contratti per un valore di poco inferiore ai 7,9 miliardi di dollari. Solo negli Stati Uniti e in Francia (i Paesi per i quali è possibile ottenere i dati) queste aziende hanno speso 118 milioni di dollari in attività di lobbying.

Nota da Rete italiana pace e disarmo del 17 giugno 2024

Foto archivio Ansa bomba nucleare su Hiroshima nel 1945