The text aims to discuss Gaston Fessard’s historical and dialectical model in The Mystery of Society. It begins with a comparison with Hegel’s Master and Servant dialectic and goes on to show how Fessard, influenced by Paul, elaborates on two other dialectics: man-woman and pagan-jew. The article demonstrates that Fessard succeeds in offering a more effective interpretive key than Hegel’s for understanding history and its conflicts.